CentOS After Minimal

Linux 阅读量

这里对 CentOS 作为服务器个人需要做的事务列举出来。

说明： 由于 CentOS 多做服务器，服务器一般很少为了支持新硬件去更新内核，再加上现如今常用的阿里云之类的云服务器不能更新内核，所以这里暂时忽略内核的升级过程。

resolv.conf & hosts

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# resolv.conf
vi /etc/resolv.conf
  ; Google
  nameserver 8.8.8.8
  nameserver 8.8.4.4
  ; DNSPod
  nameserver 119.29.29.29
  nameserver 182.254.116.116
  ; OpenDNS
  nameserver 208.67.222.222
  nameserver 208.67.220.220
  ; V2EX
  nameserver 178.79.131.110
  
  ; 114
  114.114.114.114
service network restart
ping github.com
ping baidu.com
# hosts (Just in case)
vi /etc/hosts
  #207.97.227.239 github.com
  204.232.175.78 documentcloud.github.com
  204.232.175.94 gist.github.com
  107.21.116.220 help.github.com
  207.97.227.252 nodeload.github.com
  199.27.76.130  raw.github.com
  107.22.3.110   status.github.com
  204.232.175.78 training.github.co
  207.97.227.243 www.github.com

开启 EPEL/IUS/Remi Repos

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# !!! ensure root permission first
# 1. EPEL
yum install epel-release
# Or
wget https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-[5|6|7].noarch.rpm
rpm -Uvh epel-release-*.rpm

# 2. IUS
wget https://centos[5|6|7].iuscommunity.org/ius-release.rpm
rpm -Uvh ius-release*.rpm
# Upgrade installed packages to IUS versions
yum install -y yum-plugin-replace
# eg: yum replace php --replace-with php53

# 3. Remi
wget http://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/remi-release-[5|6|7].rpm
rpm -Uvh remi-release-*.rpm
# Enable Remi
vim /etc/yum.repos.d/remi.repo    # enabled=1
# Or
yum --enablerepo=remi install php-tcpdf

# update and check
yum -y update
yum groupinstall -y 'development tools'
yum repolist

# fastestmirror
yum install fastestmirror

编译安装最新版 Git

CentOS 6.8 使用 yum 安装 git 总是 1.7，要使用最新 Git 必须编译安装。

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# 1. Install Required Packages
yum install curl-devel expat-devel gettext-devel openssl-devel zlib-devel gcc perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker

# 2. Download and Install Git
cd /usr/src
wget https://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/git-2.10.0.tar.gz
tar xzf git-2.10.0.tar.gz
cd git-2.10.0
make prefix=/usr/local/git all
make prefix=/usr/local/git install

# 3. Setup Environment
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/git/bin
source /etc/bashrc
# Or zsh etc.
ln -s /usr/local/git/bin/git /usr/local/bin

# 4. Check
git --version

Vim

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yum remove vi
yum install -y vim
git clone https://github.com/amix/vimrc.git ~/.vim_runtime
sh ~/.vim_runtime/install_awesome_vimrc.sh
# Include your staff like this
git clone git@github.com:uguu-org/vim-matrix-screensaver.git ~/.vim_runtime/sources_non_forked/vim-matrix-screensaver

zsh & oh-my-zsh && zsh-users

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yum install -y zsh
sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/master/tools/install.sh)"
# Or
# sh -c "$(wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/master/tools/install.sh -O -)"

cd ~/.oh-my-zsh/plugins
git clone git://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-autosuggestions
git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-syntax-highlighting.git

vim ~/.zshrc
plugins=(git, zsh-autosuggestions, zsh-syntax-highlighting)
source ~/.zshrc

LEMPA

使用 oneinstack 快速搭建 LEMPA 环境即可。

选择当前最新组合：php7.1.^ + mysql^5.7. + nginx^1.11. + Apache^2. + phpMyAdmin^4.6.*。

选择合适的版本即可

其中，如果想自定义每个项目的版本，可以在 oneinstack/versions.txt 里面指定你想要通过 oneinstack 安装的软件版本。

phpMyAdmin 高级功能设置方法

1.首次登录 phpMyAdmin 后导入 sql/create_tables.sql，即创建 phpmyadmin 这个数据库

2.取消 config.inc.php 中关于 phpmyadmin 的注释，搜索 /* Storage database and tables */，其下十几张表全部打开

Python

由于依赖这货的东西太多了，为了减少麻烦，请保留 centos6.8 上原有的 python2.6 版本，要使用高版本的 python 请命名为 python2（表示最新 python2. 版本，python3（表示最新 python 3. 版本），然后 link 到 $PATH。

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# 更新 & 依赖安装
# yum groupinstall -y 'development tools'
yum install -y zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel xz-libs wget

# 下载 & 解压
wget http://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.9/Python-2.7.9.tar.xz
xz -d Python-2.7.9.tar.xz
tar -xvf Python-2.7.9.tar

# 编译 & 安装
cd Python-2.7.8
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make && make altinstall

# PATH
export PATH="/usr/local/bin:$PATH"
# or 
ln -s /usr/local/bin/python2.7  /usr/bin/python

# setuptools
wget --no-check-certificate https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/s/setuptools/setuptools-1.4.2.tar.gz
tar -xvf setuptools-1.4.2.tar.gz
cd setuptools-1.4.2
python2.7 setup.py install

# pip
curl  https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py | python2.7 -

# 修复 yum [如果非要用 `python` 覆盖 2.6 版本的话]
vim /usr/bin/yum
#!/usr/bin/python => #!/usr/bin/python2.6

NodeJS

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wget https://nodejs.org/dist/v4.5.0/node-v4.5.0-linux-x64.tar.xz
xz -d node-v4.5.0-linux-x64.tar.xz
tar -xf node-v4.5.0-linux-x64.tar /usr/local/src/node4.5
ln -s /usr/local/src/node4.5/bin/node /usr/local/bin/
rm -rf node-v4.5.0-linux-x64.tar.xz

Ruby

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wget https://cache.ruby-lang.org/pub/ruby/2.3/ruby-2.3.1.tar.gz
tar -zxvf ruby-2.3.1.tar.gz
cd ruby-2.3.1
# default installed to /usr/local, use `./configure --prefix=DIR` to change
./configure
make && make install

其他安装清单

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yum install tmux lsof htop

alias

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alias vi="vim"
alias cls="clear"
alias clshis="echo ''>~/.zshrc_history && echo '' > ~/.bash_history"
alias chmd="chown -R www:www /data/wwwroot/"
alias vzshrc="vim ~/.zshrc"
alias szsh="source ~/.zshrc"
alias sbash="source ~/.bash_profile"
alias gad="git add . -A"
alias gcmt='read comments && git commit -m "$comments"'
alias gcm="git checkout master"
alias gpullm="git pull origin master"
alias vssh="vagrant ssh"
alias vre="vagrant reload"
alias vup="vagrant up"
alias vgs="vagrant global-status"
alias vhalt="vagrant halt"

$PATH

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export PATH="/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:$PATH"
export PATH="/root/.composer/vendor/bin:$PATH"

FAQ

  • Could not retrieve mirrorlist

Your dns isn’t working. Check /etc/resolv.conf for valid and accessible nameserver lines. Use 8.8.8.8 if needs be.

  • Can’t locate ExtUtils/MakeMaker.pm” while compile git
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yum install perl-devel
# if the above not work, try also install the CPAN
# yum install perl-CPAN
  • error: There was a problem with the editor ‘vi’
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# Usually
git config --global core.editor /usr/bin/vim

# Or
git config --global core.editor $(which vim)
  • 登录 phpMyAdmin 后提示：The secret passphrase in configuration (blowfish_secret) is too short.
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vim /path/to/phpMyAdmin/config.inc.php

$cfg['blowfish_secret'] = '32位字符串'; # 默认不是 32 位长度 改为 32 位长度即可
  • yum Error:rpmdb open failed
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mkdir /root/backups.rpm.mm_dd_yyyy/
cp -avr /var/lib/rpm/ /root/backups.rpm.mm_dd_yyyy/

rm -f /var/lib/rpm/__db*
db_verify /var/lib/rpm/Packages
rpm --rebuilddb
yum clean all

yum update

参考

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